China has begun construction on what is set to become the world's largest hydropower dam on the Yarlung Tsangpo River in Tibet, a $167 billion project that could surpass the Three Gorges Dam in scale and output. The dam, located upstream of the Brahmaputra River, has triggered significant concerns in India and Bangladesh over potential impacts on water security, river flow, and the environment for millions downstream. While China touts the project as a green energy milestone and a boost for its renewable sector, critics highlight risks to biodiversity, forced relocations, and lack of transparency or consultation with affected countries. The project has also caused a surge in hydropower and materials stocks, reflecting its massive economic footprint. Regional tensions are rising as neighboring countries seek assurances that their water supplies and ecological interests will not be compromised.
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